Buerger's disease, also known as thromboangiitis obliterans or thromboangiitis, is a serious inflammatory disease of small and medium-sized arteries and veins, primarily in the legs. Less commonly, the arteries in the hands are also narrowed or blocked, causing insufficient blood supply to the fingers. Severe blockage leads to finger pain and tissue death, requiring amputation of the affected fingers. Inflammation of superficial vessels and symptoms of Raynaud's disease also occur. It is characterized by obliteration of the lumen of pathological blood vessels, which can lead to ischemia (lack of blood supply) and tissue necrosis. Several possible causes of Buerger's disease: smoking; genetic predisposition; autoimmune processes; age - the disease occurs mostly in young patients, usually under 50 years of age; hormonal factors; viral infections; chronic stress; infectious agents - some bacteria or other infectious agents can play a role in the development of the disease; systemic connective tissue diseases; Arterial hypertension - High blood pressure can increase the risk of developing Buerger's disease.
Symbols:
- leg pain
- pain in the toes
- pain in the finger
- swelling of the thumb
- ankle swelling
- hair loss
- leg cramps
- increased concentration of protein in urine - proteinuria
- cold feet
- lameness
- erectile dysfunction
- skin ulcers
- ulcers on the legs
De Quervain's disease is an inflammatory disease of the tendons of the thumb, manifested by pain in the wrist area. This pathology was first described in 1895 by the Swiss surgeon Fritz de Quervain. He underwent surgery to remove the pinched tendons. De Quervain's disease is more common in women and is caused by prolonged strain on the hand and thumb from repetitive motions at the wrist. For example, holding heavy objects with one hand while constantly using a smartphone. The risk of developing the syndrome increases in representatives of professions related to active work with hands - hairdressers, seamstresses, builders, pianists. Also risk factors are pregnancy and postpartum period, rheumatoid arthritis. The mechanism of development of the pathological condition is as follows. The tendons of the wrist extensor muscles pass under the retinaculum ligament on the dorsal surface of the lower third of the forearm. In this area, there are 6 channels through which the tendons slide. With frequent movements of the hand, there is an increase in the friction of these tendons against the walls of the canal. As a result, swelling develops, narrowing the canal, which disrupts the normal sliding of the tendons and causes sharp pain in the wrist when moving the thumb.
Symbols:
- pain with considerable extension and abduction of the thumb
- wrist pain
- pain in the finger
- forearm pain
- Deformation of the fingers
- burning in the wrist
- Numbness in the fingers - paresthesia
- swelling of the hands
- finger stiffness
- decreased finger strength
- decreased range of motion
Bursitis is inflammation of the bursae that surround the joints. As a rule, the disease affects the large joints of the upper limbs. The bursae of the fingers can also be affected, but this is less common. Cold application will help during exacerbation of bursitis: pain will decrease and inflammation will decrease. Physiotherapy and drug injections are prescribed for chronic forms of the disease. In especially advanced cases, doctors resort to surgical interventions.
Symbols:
- pain in the finger
- swelling of the fingers
- skin redness
- thickening of the bursa
Secondary syphilis is the second stage of infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease. Secondary syphilis develops several weeks or months after the primary infection (primary syphilis) and is characterized by the spread of the infection throughout the body. Causes: Secondary syphilis is caused by continued infection with the bacterium Treponema pallidum after the primary stage of syphilis. Some factors that can contribute to the development of secondary syphilis are: insufficient or inadequate treatment of primary syphilis, non-adherence to treatment, late initiation of treatment, unprotected sex with an infected partner; weak immunity.
Symbols:
- white coating on the tongue
- pain in the toes
- pain in the finger
- headache
- red eyes (hyperemia)
- unusual vaginal discharge
- shivering and shivering
- swelling of the finger
- swelling of the fingers
- skin itching
- swollen lymph nodes
A sprained finger is a pathological condition in which the joint surfaces of the phalanges of the fingers are displaced and cease to fit together. Fingers are affected more often than toes. A bunion can occur in any of the joints of any finger, but most commonly occurs in the middle joint of the little, ring, middle, or index fingers. A bunion is always caused by force applied to the nail phalanx. For example: while playing sports, the ball may hit the tip of an extended finger; fall on the outstretched arm. The cause of a finger injury is usually a household or sports injury: forced hyperextension or a blow to the finger area. Dislocation of the foot occurs as a result of jumping or falling. .
Symbols:
- pain in the finger
- Deformation of the fingers
- Numbness in the fingers - paresthesia
- swelling of the fingers
- finger stiffness
- decreased finger strength
- creaking in the joints of the fingers
Diabetic neuropathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus, the causes of which may be: long-term high blood sugar levels, inadequate treatment of diabetes, metabolic disorders, damage to nerve cells and blood vessels, genetic predisposition, autoimmune reactions, chronic stress, insufficient physical activity. , smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, nutritional disorders, metabolic syndrome, high cholesterol, hypertension, obesity, age-related changes, infections, inflammatory processes in the body, long-term use of certain drugs and circulatory disorders.
Symbols:
- pain in the finger
- diarrhea - diarrhea
- burning sensation in the lower leg
- delayed ejaculation
- difficulty urinating
- itchy skin
- numbness in toes
- Numbness in the fingers - paresthesia
- Numbness in the hands - paresthesia
- loss of bowel control
- loss of feeling in the legs
- loss of sensation in the hands
- finger stiffness
- leg cramps
- rapid heartbeat - tachycardia
- cold feet
- lameness
- chronic constipation
- excessive sweating - hyperhidrosis
Hannails are purulent inflammatory formations caused by the penetration of bacteria into small affected areas on the skin or mucous membranes and can be caused by: skin damage or injury, staphylococcus, streptococcus, enterobacteria, pneumococcus, fungal infections infections, periodontitis, immunodeficiency states, postoperative wounds, burns, wounds caused by animal bites, dental infections, improper nutrition, gum disease, scratches or cracks on the skin, poor immunity, self-exfoliation (self-harm), hypovitaminosis, poor personal hygiene, improper use of contraceptives, contaminatedcontact with objects, broad-spectrum antibiotics, dysfunction of the lymphatic system and damage to mucous membranes.
Symbols:
- pain in the finger
- skin inflammation - eczema
- thinning of the skin
- brittle hair and nails
- skin redness
- dry skin
Dupuytren's contracture, also called Dupuytren's disease, is an abnormal thickening of the fascia, a layer of tissue under the skin in the palm of the hand at the base of the fingers. This thickened area may be a dense patch or band. Over time, it leads to the curvature of one or more fingers, pulling them to the side or into the palm. Ring and little fingers are most often affected. In most cases, both hands are affected. In rare cases, the legs may be affected. Dupuytren's contracture is hereditary. The exact cause of the disease is unknown. This can be caused by smoking, alcoholism, diabetes, malnutrition, or medications used to treat seizures. This disease usually begins in middle age. It is more common in men than in women. Smokers and people with diabetes have an increased risk of developing the disease.
Symbols:
- pain in one of the arms
- pain in the finger
- pain in the hands
- Deformation of the fingers
- muscle weakness
- swelling of the fingers
- finger stiffness
- weakness in hands
- lump or lump
Radial nerve neuropathy is a dysfunction of the radiocarpal nerve. The following conditions can put pressure on the radial nerve, causing pinched nerves and neuropathic pain: radial tunnel syndrome; radial nerve palsy; Wartenberg syndrome. Other causes of radial nerve problems include: infections; prolonged pressure on the hands due to overuse injuries or casts or splints; complications from surgical interventions such as shoulder replacement; injuries, including accidents, gunshots and stab wounds; tumors or cysts. A broken arm or dislocated shoulder can damage the radial nerve.
Symbols:
- wrist pain
- pain in the hands
- elbow pain
- pain in the finger
- forearm pain
- pain in the hands
- limited wrist mobility
- limitation of hand mobility
- swelling of the hands
- loss of sensation in the hands
- stiffness of hands
Onychodystrophy is a condition characterized by changes in the structure, color or shape of the nails, and its causes can be damage or injury to the nail plate, infections such as fungal infections or bacterial paronychia, poor blood circulation in the nail area, congenital. nail abnormalities, nail sensitivity, chemical or physical insults such as contact with harsh chemicals or trauma from repeated blows, immune system disorders, inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis or eczema, autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis, dermatological conditions. lichen planus or pyoderma, endocrine disorders such as diabetes or hypothyroidism, effects of drugs such as retinoids or chemotherapy, bad habits such as irregular nail handling or nail biting, metabolic disorders, vitamin or mineral deficiencies, especially iron or zinc, stress andor psychological factors, systemic diseases such as systemic scleroderma or leukemia, oncological processes in the body, increased moisture loss or dehydration, long-term continuous exposure to moisture or exposure to mechanical stress on the nails.
Symbols:
- pain in the finger
- furrows on the skin
- skin inflammation - eczema
- thinning of the skin
- brittle hair and nails
Panaritium is an inflammatory disease affecting the fingers or toes. Causes of pathology include trauma, microtrauma infection, improper handling of sharp objects, nail damage, insect bites, poor hygiene, diabetic neuropathy, immunodeficiency states, exposure to chemicals, contact with contaminated water, alcohol or drug intoxication, certain occupations. contact with harmful substances, systemic connective tissue diseases, circulatory disorders, endocrine diseases, autoimmune diseases, ARVI and other infectious diseases, circulatory disorders, damage to arteries and veins, chronic organ diseases such as liver and kidneys, aging.
Symbols:
- pain in the finger
- pain in the hands
- pustules
- Deformation of the fingers
- itchy skin
- brittle hair and nails
A finger fracture is a violation of the integrity of the bones in one of the fingers of the upper limb. Finger fractures can vary in nature and location. A closed fracture occurs as a result of trauma, such as falling on the hand or pinching a finger. An open fracture is characterized by the bone protruding through the skin, which can occur with serious trauma such as an accident or injury with a sharp object. A basal phalanx fracture is usually caused by a blow to the top of the finger, such as from a hammer. A fracture of the middle phalanx can be caused by a direct blow to the middle part of the finger or by strong compression. A fracture of the distal phalanx can occur due to trauma, such as a fall or a sharp blow to the tip of the finger. A stress fracture is often associated with repetitive microtrauma or overuse, such as athletes or those who frequently use their arms for repetitive motions.
Symbols:
- pain in the finger
- bones sticking out of the skin
- swelling of the fingers
- skin redness
- finger stiffness
Wrist joint injuries are injuries that can affect both bony and soft joint tissues, including bones, tendons, ligaments, and muscles. Wrist sprains occur when ligaments are torn due to overstretching, physical impact, or a fall. Wrist sprain syndrome is a wrist condition that occurs when the ulna is slightly longer than the radius, also called ulnar abduction. It usually develops after a wrist fracture heals atypically, making the carpal joint between this bone and the carpal bones less stable. Wrist arthritis can occur due to normal wear and tear or injury to any joint in the wrist. Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the median nerve is compressed. This could be due to repetitive strain on the wrist, high blood pressure or diabetes.
Symbols:
- wrist pain
- pain in the hands
- pain in the finger
- limited wrist mobility
- limitation of hand mobility
- swelling of the hands
- stiffness of hands
Finger polyarthritis is inflammation of three or more joints at the same time. There are over 100 different types of polyarthritis with different causes and treatments. The most common are rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Polyarthritis of the fingers can be caused by the following reasons: wear of the phalanx joint from excessive load; age; injuries; autoimmune diseases; genetic predisposition, family history; muscle weakness. Symptoms of polyarthritis usually develop over time, but can also appear suddenly. The typical age for developing rheumatoid arthritis is between 30 and 50. However, it can also affect children, teenagers and young adults. Osteoarthritis usually develops after age 50 or 60, but there are studies showing radiographic signs of osteoarthritis in women as young as 40.
Symbols:
- pain with considerable extension and abduction of the thumb
- pain in the finger
- Deformation of the fingers
- curvature of the little finger and ring finger
- Numbness in the fingers - paresthesia
- swelling of the fingers
- finger stiffness
- creaking in the joints of the fingers
A sprain of the soft tissues of the hand is a violation of the integrity of a ligament, tendon or muscle. Ligaments are the most susceptible to sprains. A soft tissue strain can occur when a joint is twisted unnaturally by a sudden twist caused by a fall. The most common injuries to the soft tissues of the hand are injuries to muscles, tendons and ligaments. These injuries often occur during sports and exercise, but sometimes simple everyday activities can cause injuries. Sprains, strains, bruises, as well as tendonitis and bursitis are the main forms of injury.
Symbols:
- wrist pain
- pain in the hands
- pain in the finger
- limited wrist mobility
- limitation of hand mobility
- swelling of the hands
- stiffness of hands
Rheumatoid arthritis of the hands is a chronic inflammatory disease that can affect more than just the joints. In some people, the condition can damage various body systems, including the skin, eyes, lungs, heart, and blood vessels. An autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis of the hands, occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks its own body tissues. Factors that increase the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: gender - women are more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis; age - rheumatoid arthritis of the hands and fingers can occur at any age, but often begins to develop in middle age; family history - if at least one of the blood relatives has rheumatoid arthritis, the risk of developing the disease increases; smoking - due to nicotine consumption, rheumatoid arthritis develops faster and occurs with more acute symptoms; Overweight - Patients who are overweight have a slightly higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.
Symbols:
- pain in the hands
- pain in the finger
- high temperature - hyperpyrexia
- Deformation of the fingers
- shivering and shivering
- swelling of the fingers
- loss of appetite
- problems grasping objects with your hand
- stiffness of hands
- finger stiffness
- decreased finger strength
Sickle cell anemia is a pathology belonging to the group of hereditary diseases. The disease affects the shape of the red blood cells that carry oxygen to all parts of the body. Red blood cells are usually round and flexible, so they move easily through blood vessels. In sickle cell anemia, some red blood cells are sickle or crescent shaped. Sickle cells also become hard and sticky, which can slow or block blood flow. Sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in the gene that controls the production of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin allows red blood cells to carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Abnormal hemoglobin causes red blood cells to become stiff, sticky, and misshapen. For a child to develop the disease, both the mother and father must carry one copy of the sickle cell gene and pass both copies of the altered form to the child.
Symbols:
- chest pain
- bone pain (ossalgia)
- pain in the finger
- joint pain - arthralgia
- "Sausage" type inflammation of the fingers
- regression
- iron deficiency - anemia
- swelling of the legs
- swelling of the fingers
- swelling of the hands
- yellowing of the skin and pupils - jaundice
- loss of consciousness - unconsciousness
- vision loss
- rapid heartbeat - tachycardia
- chronic fatigue - increased fatigue
Thrombosis is complete or partial blockage of the vessel lumen by parietal or mobile thrombus. Thrombosis in a vein is caused either by venous congestion due to prolonged inactivity, increased blood clotting due to a chemical imbalance, or damage to a vein. Most thrombosis in the arteries is the result of atherosclerosis, the hardening and narrowing of the vessel walls. There are also certain risk factors that can increase the chance of developing a blood clot: advanced age; pregnancy; some birth control medications; hormone replacement therapy; lack of physical activity; obesity; to smoke; infection; autoimmune diseases; hand injury; surgery; hereditary vascular diseases; previous blood clots.
Symbols:
- pain in the finger
- pain in the hands
- shortness of breath - shortness of breath
- Numbness in the hands - paresthesia
- swelling of the hands
Preeclampsia is a complication that occurs in the later stages of pregnancy. It becomes one of the factors that cause swelling of fingers. In addition, the problem is characterized by: frequent headaches, abnormal swelling of the face and fingers, blurred vision, weight gain and abdominal pain. Early treatment of preeclampsia is important to ensure a safe pregnancy and delivery. This includes taking medication, constant monitoring by a doctor, and in rare cases, premature birth.
When should you see a doctor if your fingers hurt?
You should make an appointment with your doctor if:
- the pain in the fingers is severe or interferes with normal activity;
- pain increases at night;
- after a week of home treatment, the pain did not decrease;
- there is tingling or loss of feeling in the hand;
- have a history of diabetes;
- can't move your thumb or hold things;
- phalanges changed shape or color.
Diagnostics
Based on the results of the initial examination, the doctor may prescribe the following:
- stool analysis for dysbacteriosis
- blood test
- Vitamin D test
- arthroscopy
- biopsy
- skin biopsy
- lymph node biopsy
- blood chemistry
- bronchoscopy
- dermatoscopy
- duplex scanning of the lower extremities
- immunological research
- polymerase chain reaction test
- Finkelstein study
- Eichhof's study
- skin tests
- computerized angiography
- computerized angiography of the lower extremities
- computed tomography of the chest
- computed tomography of the hand
- computed tomography of the lungs
- computed tomography of lymph nodes
- computed tomography of the wrist joint
- computed tomography of neck veins
- magnetic resonance imaging of the hand
- magnetic resonance imaging of lymph nodes
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist joint
- magnetic resonance imaging of the heart
- magnetic resonance imaging of joints
- microscopic examination of the smear
- radiography
- chest x-ray
- X-ray of the hand
- chest x-ray
- X-ray of the wrist joint
- X-ray of the lower extremities
- X-ray of the finger
- x-ray of the fingers
- X-ray of the esophagus
- serological test
- thoracentesis
- ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity
- Ultrasound examination of the veins of the upper limbs
- ultrasound examination of the brain - neurosonography
- Ultrasound examination of hands
- Ultrasound examination of the wrist joint
- Ultrasound examination of the soft tissues of the hand and arm
- ultrasound examination of the spleen
- Ultrasound examination of the heart - echocardiography
- chest fluorography
- electroneuromyography
How to get rid of pain in a finger?
The following tips can help relieve finger pain at home:
- apply ice compresses for 20 minutes every 2-3 hours;
- pain relievers;
- stopping or reducing activities that cause pain, such as writing, using vibrating tools for work, or playing a musical instrument;
- do not take a hot bath, sauna or bath for the first 2-3 days after the injury;
- do not lift heavy objects.